PERIODIC BONDING TRENDS OF COMPOUNDS
Lori Lancaster, Rosa Hemphill, Mike Ellison
Bonding images of compounds have been produced using the  Spartan program and SGI computers at Reed College.  We hope that these images provide a new way to "see" the chemical bonding that occurs between elements as one goes across or down  the periodic table.

Mike has written a brief introduction to molecular modeling-- intro.htm --and to the meaning of the abbeviations we used for most of the images we created--meaning.htm. Finally, a brief set of explanations of the abbreviations we used are at defin.htm.

An outline of our presentation at NSTA/Seattle, October 29, 1998, is also available.

   IA       IIA     IIIA  IVB   VB    VIB   VIIV    ------VIIIB-----      IB     IIB    IIIA    IVA   VA     VIA  VIIA   VIII
    1         2         3       4        5        6         7         8       9        10      11      12      13      14       15       16       17        18
 

1
H
HH

2 
He
 

3
Li
LiH

4
Be
BeH2

5
B
BH3

6
C
CH

CHX

7
N
NH3

8
O
H2O

9
F
HF

10
Ne

11
Na

12
Mg

13
Al

14
Si

15
P

16
S

17
Cl
HCl

18
Ar

19
K

20
Ca

21
Sc

22
Ti

23
V

24
Cr

25
Mn

26
Fe

27
Co

28
Ni

29
Cu

30
Zn

31
Ga

32
Ge

33
As

34
Se

35
Br
HBr

36
Kr

37
Rb

38
Sr

39
Y

40
Zr

41
Nb

42
Mo

43
Tc

44
Ru

45
Rh

46
Pd

47
Ag

48
Cd

49
In

50
Sn

51
Sb

52
Te

53
I
HI

54
Xe

55
Cs

56
Ba

57
La

72
Hf

73
Ta

74
W

75
Re

76
Os

77
Ir

78
Pt

79
Au

80
Hg

81
Tl

82
Pb

83
Bi

84
Po

85
At

86
Rn

87
Fr

88
Ra

89
Ac

104
Rf

105
Db

106
Sg

107
Bh

108
Hs

109
Mt

110
Uun

111
Uuu

112
Uub


 
 

58 
Ce

59
Pr

60
Nd

61
Pm

62
Sm

63
Eu

64
Gd

65
Tb

66
Dy

67
Ho

68
Er

69
Tm

70
Yb

71
Lu

90
Th

91
Pa

92
U

93
Np

94
Pu

95
Am

96
Cm

97
Bk

98
Cf

99
Es

100
Fm

101
Md

102
No

103
Lr

We gratefully acknowledge Reed College  and the Reed College Chemistry Department for the use of both the SGI computers and computer accounts for storing Spartan files.  We thank Dr. Gwen Shusterman and Dr. Alan Shusterman for their help and advice.

r. hemphill
9/98